CURRICULUM VITAE

Paul S. Cho, Ph.D.

Associate Professor
Department of Radiation Oncology
University of Washington Medical Center
Box 356043
Seattle, Washington 98195-6043
206 598.4143    FAX:206 598.6218

Web page

Education:

University of Victoria, Victoria, B.C., Canada, 1975, B.S. Physics
Southwestern Theological Seminary, Ft.Worth, Texas, 1979, M.Div. Theology
University of California, Los Angeles, California, 1983, M.S. Medical Physics
University of California, Los Angeles, California, 1989, Ph.D. Biomedical Physics

Fellowship:

Postdoctoral Fellow, Department of Radiological Sciences (Medical Imaging),
University of California, Los Angeles, California, 1989-1990

Faculty positions held:

Lecturer, Department of Health Science, California
State University, Northridge, California, 1985-1986

Assistant Professor, Radiation Oncology Department, University of
Washington, Seattle, Washington, 1993-1999

Adjunct Assistant Professor, Electrical Engineering Department,
University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, 1998-1999

Associate Professor, Radiation Oncology Department, University of
Washington, Seattle, Washington, 1999-present

Adjunct Associate Professor, Electrical Engineering Department,
University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, 1999-present

Other positions held:

Systems Manager, Image Processing Laboratory, Department of Radiological
Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, California, 1986-1989

Mecial Physicist, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Washington
Medical Center, Seattle, Washington, 1990-1993

Honors:

James T. Case Radiological Foundation Research Award, UCLA School of Medicine, 1987

James T. Case Radiological Foundation Research Award, UCLA School of Medicine, 1988

Ralph and Marjorie Crump Award for Excellence in Medical Engineering, UCLA School of Engineering and School of Medicine, 1989

Memberships and Professional Activities:

Member, American Association of Physicists in Medicine

Member, American College of Radiation Oncology

Instructor, Summer School of American Association of Physicists in Medicine,
"Cone-beam Imaging'', 1998

Member, Special Emphasis Panel on IMRT Grant Review, NCI, National Institutes of Health, 2000

Instructor, RSNA Refresher Course "Flat panel detectors and cone-beam reconstruction of therapy beams'', 2000

Member, Advanced Technology Panel for the Congressionally-Directed Peer-Reviewed Medical Research Program, U.S. Army Research and Materiel Command, 2001.

Editorial Responsibilities:

Visiting Associate Editor, Medical Physics, 1999-2000
Reviewer, Medical Physics, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002
Reviewer, Physics in Medicine and Biology, 1999, 2000, 2001
Reviewer, Computerized Medical Imaging and Graphics, 1996, 1998, 2000
Reviewer, Academic Radiology, 1994-1995
Reviewer, IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging, 1998
Reviewer, Radiotherapy and Oncology, 1997

Research Grants:

University of Washington Graduate School Fund, "Direct Reconstruction of
3-D Tomographic Images from Limited Field-of-view Projections'', Principal Investigator,
January 1994-June 1994, $8,935

University of Washington Royalty Research Fund, "Quantitative Volume CT using
High-Energy Photons'', Principal Investigator, March 1995-February 1996, $12,039

Whitaker Foundation, "New Paradigm for Designing Radiation Beams for Cancer
Treatment'', Principal Investigator, January 1998-June 2001, $210,000

Elekta Oncology Systems, "Advanced Techniques in Radiation Therapy'',
Co-Principal Investigator with Mark Phillips, March 2000-February 2003, $225,000

NIH/NCI, "Seed localizer for image guided prostate brachytherapy,'' Principal
Investigator, February 1, 2001-January 31, 2003, $295,347

Courses Taught:

"Instrumentation in Diagnostic Radiology," 1985, 1986, Department
of Health Science, California State University, Northridge

"Digital Techniques in Radiological Sciences," 1989, Department of
Radiological Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles

"Fundamentals of Medical Imaging for Diagnostic Radiology Residents," 1986-1990,
Department of Radiological Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles

"Physics of Radiation Oncology for Residents," 1991, 1993, 1994, 1996, 1998, 2000
Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Washington, Seattle

Graduate Student Thesis Supervised:

Roger H. Johnson, Ph.D. Thesis, "Cone-Beam Micro-Tomography",
Bioengineering, University of Washington, 1995.

Shinhak Lee, Ph.D. Thesis, "Projections Onto Fuzzy Convex Sets and its
Application to Radiation Beam Optimization in Radiotherapy",
Electrical Engineering, University of Washington, 1996.

Martin R. Weikart, M.S. Thesis, "An Algorithm for Varying Radiation Rates
During Radiation Treatment Therapy," Electrical Engineering,
University of Washington, 1999.

Gorkem H. Kuterdem, M.S. Thesis, "Dynamic Multileaf Sequencing with
Adjacent Gap Constraints in Radiotherapy," Electrical Engineering,
University of Washington, 1999.

Sreeram Narayanan, M.S. Thesis, "Fast Cross-projection Algorithm for
Reconstruction of Radioactive Seeds," Electrical Engineering,
University of Washington, 2001.

Homayon Parsaei, Ph.D. Thesis, "Investigation of Intensity Modulated
Radiotherapy," Physics, University of British Columbia, 2001.

Patent:

US Patent 5410676 (April 1995):
Information system using designating areas for retrieving/converting data
and directories of different formats storing in optical and magnetic storage

Invited Presentations:

The Third International Symposium on Picture Archiving and Communication System and Personal Health Data (Tokyo, Japan), "Keynote Lecture - System Description and Implementation of PACS at UCLA: Digital Viewing in the Coronary Care Unit" (July 9, 1986). Invited by M. Onoe, M.D., President of the Japan Society of PACS.

University of Leiden, Department of Radiology (Leiden, The Netherlands),
"Elements of Digital Radiology," (May, 1988).

The Second International Conference on Image Management and Communication in Patient Care (Kyoto, Japan), Session chair - "ISAC/Network" (April 12, 1991).
Invited by Masayoshi Akisada, M.D., Chairman, Organizing Committee.

Philips International Radiotherapy Users' Meeting (London, UK), "Clinical Applications of a DSI Based Radiotherapy Simulator" (March 30, 1995). Invited by the Philips Medical Systems.

Implementation of Emergent Technology in Radiation Oncology (Indian Wells, CA),
"Simulator CT Technology: Past, Present, and Future" (June 7, 1995).
Invited by Alvaro Martinez, M.D., Chairman of the Scientific Committee.

1998 Summer School of American Association of Physicists in Medicine:
Imaging in Radiotherapy (Madison, WI), "Cone Beam Imaging" (June 25, 1998). Invited by Arthur Boyer, Ph.D. and John Hazel, Ph.D., AAPM Summer School Program Directors.

International Symposium: Intensity Modulated Radiation Therapy (Philadelphia, PA),
"Clinical Implementation of IMRT for Paraspinal Tumors using Inverse Planning and Sliding Window Technique" (March 17, 2000). Invited by James Galvin, Ph.D., Chairman, Orgnizing Committee.

XIIIth International Conference on Computers in Radiotherapy (Heidelberg, Germany),
Session Chair - "Quality Assurance for IMRT" (May 24, 2000). Invited by Wolfgang Schlegel, Ph.D. and Thomas Bortfeld, Ph.D., Co-organizers.

Radiological Society of North America - Refresher Course 721 (Chicago, IL),
"Flat Panel Detectors and Cone-Beam Reconstruction of Therapy Beams"
(November 30, 2000). Invited by the RSNA Refresher Course Committee -
Glenn S. Forbes, M.D., Chair.

2001 Whitaker Foundation Biomedical Engineering Conference (La Jolla, CA),
"New Paradigm in Design of Intensity Modulated Radiotherapy Beams"
(August 10, 2001). Invited by Peter Katona, Sc.D., President, The Whitaker Foundation.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

Refereed Journals:

1. Huang, H.K., Bassett, L.W., Mankovich, N.J., Cho, P.S., Kangarloo, H., and Seeger, L. Instruction in image processing in a diagnostic radiology residency training program. American Journal of Roentgenology 149:435-437 (1987).

2. Huang, H.K., Mankovich, N.J., Cho, P.S., Taira, R.K., Stewart, B.K., and Ho, B.K.Picture archiving and communication systems in Japan. American Journal of Roentgenology 148:427-429 (1987).

3. Kangarloo, H., Boechat, M.I., Barbaric, Z., Taira, R.K., Cho, P.S., Mankovich, N.J., Ho, B.K., Eldredge, S.L., and Huang, H.K. Two-year clinical experience with a computed radiography system. American Journal of Roentgenology 151:605-608 (1988).

4. Cho, P.S., Huang, H.K., Tillisch, J., and Kangarloo, H. Clinical evaluation of a radiologic picture archiving and communication system for a coronary care unit. American Journal of Roentgenology 151:823-827 (1988).

5. Mankovich, N.J., Taira, R.K., Cho, P.S., and Huang, H.K. Operational radiologic image archive on digital optical disks. Radiology 167:139-142 (1988).

6. Huang, H.K., Cho, P.S., Taira, R.K., Ho, B.K.T., and Chan, K.K. Picture archiving and communication systems in Japan: 3 Years Later. American Journal of Roentgenology 154:415-417 (1990).

7. Huang, H.K., Lou, S.L., Cho, P.S., Valentino, D.J., Wong, A., Chan, K.K., and Stewart, B.K. Radiologic image communication methods. American Journal of Roentgenology 155:183-186 (1990).

8. Huang, H.K., Kangarloo, H., Cho, P.S., Taira, R.K., Ho, B.K.T., and Chan, K.K. Planning a totally digital radiology department. American Journal of Roentgenology 154:635-639 (1990).

9. Cho, P.S., Johnson, R.H., and Griffin, T.W. Cone-beam CT for radiotherapy applications. Physics in Medicine and Biology 40:1863-1883 (1995).

10. Cho, P.S., Rudd, A., and Johnson, R.H. Cone-beam CT from width-truncated projections.
Computerized Medical Imaging and Graphics 20:49-57 (1996).

11. Douglas, J.G., Laramore, G.E., Austin-Seymour, M., Koh, W., Lindsley, K.L., Cho, P., and Griffin, T.W. Neutron radiotherapy for adenoid cystic carcinoma of minor salivary glands. Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 36:87-93 (1996).

12. Lindsley, K.L., Cho, P., Stelzer, K.J., Koh, W.J., Austin-Seymour, M., Russell, K.J., Laramore, G.E., and Griffin, T.W. Clinical trials of neutron radiotherpy in the United States. Bull. Cancer/Raiother 83(suppl):78s-86s (1996).

13. Lee, S., Cho, P.S., Marks II, R.J., and Oh, S. Conformal radiotherapy computation by the method of projections onto convex sets. Physics in Medicine and Biology 42:1065-1086 (1997).

14. Stelzer, K.J., Lindsley, K.L., Cho, P.S., Laramore, G.E., and Griffin, T.W. Fast neutron radiotherapy: the University of Washington experience and potential use of concomitant boost with boron neutron capture. Radiation Protection Dosimetry 70:471-475 (1997).

15. Cho, P.S., Lindsley, K.L., Douglas, J.G., Stelzer, K.J., and Griffin, T.W. Digital radiotherapy simulator. Computerized Medical Imaging and Graphics 22:1-7 (1998).

16. Werner, B.L., Cho, P.S., and Pfund, J. The fe-lspd model for electron beam dosimetry. Physics in Medicine and Biology 43:291-311 (1998).

17. Johnson, R.H., Hu, H., Haworth, S.T., Cho, P.S., Dawson, C.A., and Linehan, J.H. Feldkamp and circle-and-line conebeam reconstruction for 3D micro-CT of vascular networks. Physics in Medicine and Biology 43:929-940 (1998).

18. Lindsley, K.L., Cho, P., Stelzer, K.J., Koh, W.J., Austin-Seymour, M., Russell, K.J., Laramore, G.E., and Griffin, T.W. Fast newutrons in prostatic adenocarcinomas: worldwide clinical experience. Recent Results Cancer Res.150:125-136 (1998).

19. Cho, P.S., Lee, S., Marks II, R.J., Oh, S., Sutlief, S.G., and Phillips, M.H. Optimization of intensity modulated beams with volume constraints using two methods: cost function minimization and projections onto convex sets. Medical Physics 25:435-443 (1998).

20. Cho, P.S. and Johnson, R.H. Automated detection of BBs in digital fluoroscopic images. Physics in Medicine and Biology 43:2677-2683 (1998).

21. Cho, P.S., Kuterdem, H.G., and Marks II, R.J. A spherical dose model for radiosurgery plan optimization. Physics in Medicine and Biology 43:3145-3148 (1998).

22. Cho, P.S. and Marks II, R.J. Hardware-sensitive optimization for intensity modulated radiotherapy. Physics in Medicine and Biology 45:429-440 (2000).

23. Phillips, M.H., Parsaei, H., and Cho, P.S. Dynamic and omni wedge implementation on an Elekta SL linac. Medical Physics 27:1623-1634 (2000).

24. Kuterdem, H.G., and Cho, P.S. Leaf sequencing with secondary beam blocking under Leaf positioning constraints for continuously modulated radiotherapy beams. Medical Physics 28:894-902 (2001).

25. Cho, P.S. and Phillips, M.H. Reduction of computational dimensionality in inverse radiotherapy planning using sparse matrix operations. Physics in Medicine and Biology 46:N117-N125 (2001).

26. Parsai, H., Phillips, M.H., Cho, P.S., Kippenes, H., Gavin, P., and Axen, D. Verification of dynamic intensity-modulated beam deliveries in canine subjects. Medical Physics 28:2198-208 (2001).

27. Parsai, H., Cho, P.S., Phillips, M. H., Giansiracusa, R.S., and Axen, D. Influence of systematic and random errors in delivery of dynamic intensity-modulated fields. Physics in Medicine and Biology (submitted) (2002).

28. Narayanan S, Cho, P.S. and Marks II, R.J. Fast Cross-projection algorithm for reconstruction of radioactive seeds. Medical Physics (in review) (2001).

Book Chapters:

1. Huang, H.K. with Mankovich, N.J., Taira, R.K., Stewart, B.K., Cho, P.S., Papin, P.C., Lo, S-C., and Chuang, K-C. Elements of Digital Radiology, Prentice-Hall Inc., 1987.

2. Huang, H.K., Mankovich, N.J., Taira, R.K., Cho, P.S., Stewart, B.K., Ho, B.K.T., Chan, K.K., and Ishimitsu, Y. "Picture Archiving and Communication Systems (PACS) for Radiological Images: State-of-the-Art," in CRC Critical Reviews in Diagnostic Imaging, Wang Y (ed.), 28(4):383-427, CRC Press, 1988.

3. Huang, H.K. and Cho, P.S. "Multimodality Image Viewing," in Digital Imaging (Medical Physics Monograph No. 22), W. Hendee and J.H. Trueblood (eds.), Medical Physics Publishing Co., 1993.

4. Cho, P.S. and Huang, H.K. "Architecture and Ergonomics of Imaging Workstation," in The Perception of Visual Information(2nd Edition), W. Hendee and P.N.T. Wells (eds.), Springer-Verlag Inc., New York, NY, pp. 343-360, 1997.

5. Cho, P.S. "Cone Beam Image Reconstruction," in Imaging in Radiotherapy, A.L. Boyer and J.D. Hazle (eds.), Advanced Medical Publishing, Madison, Wisconsin, pp. 459-474, 1998.

Other Publications:

1. Cho, P.S. "PACS at UCLA VII - digital viewing in the coronary care unit," in Proceedings of the Third International Symposium on PACS and PHD 4:92-93, 1986.

2. Cho, P.S. and Huang, H.K. "Tomosynthesis using a digital radiographic system: discussion and preliminary results," in Proceedings of the SPIE, PACS IV for Medical Applications, 626:133-136, 1986.

3. Mankovich, N.J., Cho, P.S., Taira, R.K., Wong, A., Stewart, B.K., and Huang, H.K. "A general purpose optical disk system with a radiological imaging application," in Proceedings of the SPIE, PACS IV for Medical Applications, 626:676-684, 1986.

4. Mankovich, N.J., Taira, R.K., Cho, P.S., and Wong, A. "The software architecture of an integrated optical disk archive for digital radiographic images," in Proceedings of the SPIE, Optical Mass Data Storage II, 695:407-411, 1986.

5. Cho, P.S., Huang, H.K., Bennett, L.R., and Tillisch, J.H. "A PACS module for a coronary care unit,"
in Proceedings of the SPIE, Medical Imaging, 767:577-583, 1987.

6. Stewart, B.K., Taira, R.K., Cho, P.S., and Mankovich, N.J. "PACS module image communication at UCLA," in Proceedings of the SPIE, Medical Imaging, 767:577-583, 1987.

7. Ratib, O.M., Mankovich, N.J., Taira, R.K., Cho, P.S. and Huang, H.K. "Integration of an MR image network into a clinical PACS," in Proceedings of the SPIE, Medical Imaging II. R.H. Schneider and S. J. Dwyer III, eds. pp. 1379-1383. The International Society for Optical Engineering, Bellingham,
1988.

8. Mankovich, N.J., Taira, R.K., Cho, P.S., and Huang, H.K. "Procedures, films, and images in a pediatric radiology image archive: one's experience and projections," in Proceedings of the SPIE, Medical Imaging II, 914:1105-1113, 1988.9. Cho, P.S., Huang, H.K., and Tillisch, J. "Clinical experience with a digital remote viewing system in coronary care unit," in Proceedings of the SPIE, Medical Imaging II, 914:1057-1063, 1988.

10. Taira, R.K., Cho, P.S., Huang, H.K., and Mankovich, N.J., and Boechat, I.M. "Performance evaluation of a clinical PACS module, in Proceedings of the SPIE," Proceedings of the SPIE, Medical Imaging III (1093), Medical Imaging III, pp. 403-415, The International Society for Optical Engineering, Bellingham, 1989.

11. Cho, P.S., Huang, H.K., and Tillisch, J. "Centralized vs. distributed PACS for intensive care units," in Proceedings of the SPIE, Medical Imaging III (1093). R.H. Schneider, S.J. Dwyer III, and R.G. Jost, eds. pp. 387-391, The International Society for Optical Engineering, Bellingham, 1989.

12. Huang, H.K., Taira R, Cho, P.S., Chan K, and Ho B, "Recent progress of PACS,'' Medical Imaging Technology," in Proceedings of 8th MIT and 6th PACS Symposia, July 20-22, 1989, Osaka, Japan,
7(2):109-113, 1989.

13. Cho, P.S. and Ho, B.K.T., "Display workstation: hardware architecture," NATO Advanced Study Institute Series, F74:51-56, 1990.

14. Cho, P.S., Chan, K.K., and Ho, B.K.T., "Data storage and compression," NATO Advanced Study Institute Series, F74:71-82, 1990.

15. Cho, P.S., Ratib, O., Ho, B.K.T., Morioka, C.A., Marx, P., Huang, H.K., Shinagawa, T., and Sonobe, T. "Personal digital image filing system," in Proceedings of the SPIE, Medical Imaging IV:PACS System and Evaluation, 1234, 1990.

16. Cho, P.S., Wong, A., Aberle, D.R., Lou, S.L., Taira, R.K., Razavi, M., Ho, B.K.T., Chan, K.K., Morioka, C.A., Huang, H.K., Valentino, D., Chuang, K.S., and Eldredge, S. "A PACS for chest radiology," in Proceedings of the SPIE, Medical Imaging IV:PACS System and Evaluation, 1234, 1990.

17. Weinberg, W.S., Hayrapetian, A.S., Cho, P.S., Valentino, D.F., Taira, R.K., and Huang, H.K. "X Window-based 2K display workstation," in Proceedings of the SPIE, Medical Imaging V: PACS Design and Evaluation, 1446:35-39, 1991.

18. Cho, P.S., Jacky, J.P., and Griffin, T.W. "Clinical applications of a DSI based simulator," International Radiotherapy Review, 1:39-49, 1995.

19. Johnson, R.H., Wu, X., and Cho, P.S. "Effects of number of views, cone angle, detector bit-depth, and projection noise level on the SNR in conebeam reconstruction," in Proceedings of the SPIE: Physics of Medical Imaging, 2708:340-350, 1996.

20. Wu, X., Johnson, R.H., and Cho, P.S. "Determinants of signal to noise ratio in conebeam image reconstruction using the Feldkamp algorithm," in Proceedings of the 1996 Fifteenth Southern Biomedical Engineering Conference, pp. 263-5, 1996.

21. Cho, P.S., Lee, S., Marks II, R.J., Redstone, J.A., and Oh, S. "Comparison of algorithms for intensity modulated beam optimization: projections onto convex sets and simulated annealing," in Proceedings of the Twelfth International Conference on Computers in Radiotherapy'', D. D. Leavitt and G. Starkschall, eds. Medical Physics Publishing, Madison, Wisconsin, pp. 310-312, 1997.

22. Sutlief, S., Phillips, M., Kalet, I., and Cho, P. "Integration and verification of intensity modulated radiation therapy into a computer treatment planning program (Prism)," in ``Proceedings of the Twelfth International Conference on Computers in Radiotherapy'', D. D. Leavitt and G. Starkschall, eds. Medical Physics Publishing, Madison, Wisconsin, pp. 441-444, 1997.

23. Lam, S.T., Marks II, R.J., Cho, P.S. "Prostate boundary detection and visualization in TRUS images," in Proceedings of the Thirteenth International Conference on Computers in Radiotherapy, W. Schlegel and T. Bortfeld, eds. Springer-Verlag, Heidelberg, pp. 99-101, 2000.

24. Kuterdem, H.G., Cho, P.S., Marks II, R.S., Phillips M.H., Parsaei H. "Comparison of leaf sequencing techniques: dynamic vs. multiple static segments," in Proceedings of the Thirteenth International Conference on Computers in Radiotherapy, W. Schlegel and T. Bortfeld, eds. Springer-Verlag, Heidelberg, pp. 213-215, 2000.

25. Parsaei H., Phillips M.H., Cho P.S., Kuterdem H.G., Kippenes H., Gavin P. "Delivery and dosimetry verification in IMRT," in Proceedings of the Thirteenth International Conference on Computers in Radiotherapy, W. Schlegel and T. Bortfeld, eds. Springer-Verlag, Heidelberg, pp. 283-285, 2000.

26. Phillips M.H., Parsaei H., Cho P.S., Kuterdem H.G., Kippenes H., Gavin P. "Image correlation and in vivo dosimetry in IMRT," in Proceedings of the Thirteenth International Conference on Computers in Radiotherapy, W. Schlegel and T. Bortfeld, eds. Springer-Verlag, Heidelberg, pp. 377-379, 2000.

27. Cho, P.S. "Computerized segmentation of clustered seeds in prostate brachytherapy," in Proceedings of the Thirteenth International Conference on Computers in Radiotherapy, W. Schlegel and T. Bortfeld, eds. Springer-Verlag, Heidelberg, pp. 105-107, 2000.

28. Lam, S.T., Cho, P.S., and Marks II R.J., "Prostate brachytherapy seed segmentation using spoke transform," in Medical Imaging 2001: Image Processing, M. Sonka and K.M. Hanson, Eds. Proceedings of SPIE, Vol. 4322:1490-1500, 2001.

29. Gong L., Cho P.S., Han B.H., Wallner K.E., Sutlief S.G., Pathak S.D., Haynor D.H., and Kim Y., "Registration of prostate brachytherapy seeds with prostate anatomy for postimplant dosimetry," Proc. SPIE Med. Imag. Conf. (accepted) 2002.

Abstracts:

1. Mankovich, N.J., Taira, R.K., Cho, P.S., Wong, W.K., Stewart, B.K., and Huang, H.K. Radiologic image archive system on digital optical disks (SS). Radiology 161(P) 149 (1986).

2. Cho, P.S., Tillisch, J., and Huang, H.K. Digital remote viewing system for coronary care unit,
Radiology, 165(P):359, 1987.

3. Huang, H.K., Mankovich, N.J., Kangarloo, H., Boechat, M.I., Dietrich, R., Hall, T., Taira, R.K., Cho, P.S., and Stewart, B.K. Picture archiving and communication systems for diagnostic radiology (SE),
Radiology, 165(P):420, 1987.

4. Cho, P.S., Huang, H.K., Tillisch, J., and Kangarloo, H. Toward Timely Radiology Service: A picture archiving and communication system for an intensive care unit (WIP), Radiology 169(P):357, 1988.

5. Taira, R.K., Mankovich, N.J., Huang, H.K.,, and Cho, P.S. Clinical performance of an automated picture archiving and communications system (WIP), Radiology 169(P):357, 1988.

6. Kangarloo, H., Boechat, M.I., Dietrich, R., Hall, T., Huang, H.K., Mankovich, N.J., Taira, R.K., and Cho, P.S. Clinical experience and evaluation of PACS modules (SE), Radiology, 169(P):473, 1988.

7. Huang, H.K., Handa, H., Kumagai, M., Iwata, T., Ishimitsu, Y., Wong, A., Mankovich, N.J.,
Valentino, D., and Cho, P.S. Dedicated digital projectional radiographic system (WIP),
Radiology, 169(P):358, 1988.

8. Huang, H.K., Eldredge, S., Cho, P.S., and Wong, A. Computed multiple-beam equalization radiography (WIP), Radiology, 173(P):370, 1989.

9. Cho, P.S., Ratib, O., Morioka, C.A., Ho, B.K.T., and Huang, H.K. Personal digital image filing system (SE), Radiology 173(P):471, 1989.

10. Cho, P.S., Wong, A., Lou, A., Taira, R.K., Chuang, K.S., Valentino, D., Eldredge, S., and
Huang, H.K. PACS for chest radiology (WIP), Radiology 173(P):429, 1989.

11. Huang, H.K., Eldredge, S., Cho, P.S., and Wong, A. Computed multiple-beam equalization radiography (WIP), Radiology, 173(P):370, 1989.

12. Cho, P.S. and Griffin, T.W. "Single-scan volume CT with a radiotherapy simulator," Medical Physics, 20:1292, 1993.

13. Cho, P.S., Johnson, R.H., and Griffin, T.W. Volume CT from half-width projections, Medical Physics, 21:945, 1994.

14. Cho, P.S. and Werner, B.L. Determination of the lspd parameters for electron beam dosimetry, Medical Physics, 23:1487, 1996.

15. Cho, P.S. and Sutlief, S.G. Volume sensitive objective function for optimization of intensity beam modulation. Medical Physics 24, 1078 (1997).

16. Sutlief, S.G., Cho, P.S., Phillips, M.H. Optimization for intensity modulated beams using multiple beam kernels and slice based optimization.
Medical Physics 24, 996 (1997).

17. Phillips, M.H., Sutlief, S.G. and Cho, P.S. Omni wedge: implementation with universal wedge and orthogonal dynamic wedge. Medical Physics 24, 1366 (1997).

18. Cho, P.S., Lee, S., Phillips, M.H., and Sutlief, S.G. Dynamic tuning of intensity modulated beam constraints using projections onto fuzzy convex sets. Medical Physics 24, 1367 (1997).

19. Sutlief, S.G., Cho, P.S., and Phillips, M.H. Superposition kernels to compute dose from beam elements for inverse treatment planning. Medical Physics 25, A185 (1998).

20. Phillips, M.H., Miller, E., Kippenes, H., Austin-Seymour, M.M., Gavin, P.R., and Cho, P.S. Effects of respiration-induced motion on dose distributions of IMRT applied to tumors of the lung and mediastinum. Radiology, 209(P), 47 (1998).

21. Cho, P.S., Phillips, M.H., Sutlief, S.G., Gavin, P., and Kippenes, H. In vivo measurements of intensity modulated radiation therapy. Medical Physics 25, A201 (1998).

22. Cho, P.S., Sutlief, S.G., Phillips, M.H., and Marks II, R.J. Inverse optimization of MLC-deliverable intensity modulated beams. Medical Physics 25, A117 (1998).

23. Kuterdem, H., Cho, P., and Marks II, R. Dynamic multileaf-diaphragm sequencing with adjacent gap constraints. Medical Physics 26, 1136 (1999).

24. Cho, P. and Adams, B. Automated seed recognition for intraoperative prostate brachytherapy dosimetry. Medical Physics 26, 1146 (1999).

25. Wu, J.S., Phillips, M.H., Cho, P.S., Hummel, S., and Austin-Seymour, M.M. A three-dimensional dosimetric evaluation of coplanar versus non-coplanar radiotherapy in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Int. J. Radiat. Oncolo. Biol. Phys. 45:3(Suppl. 1)166 (1999).

26. Antonuk, L.E. and Cho, P.S. Flat panel detectors and cone-beam reconstruction of therapy beams. Radiology 217(P), 88 (2000).

27. Cho, P.S., Parsaei, H., and Phillips, M.H., Influence of random field perturbation on dynamic intensity modulated beams. Submitted to 43rd Annual Meeting of the American Association of Physicists in Medicine, Salt Lake City, Medical Physics 28:1203 (2001).

28. Parsaei, H., Phillips, M.H., and Cho, P.S., Delivery verification in dynamic fileds: An in-vivo study in canine subjects. Submitted to 43rd Annual Meeting of the American Association of Physicists in Medicine, Salt Lake City, Medical Physics 28: 1208 (2001).

29. Phillips, M.H., Parsaei, H., and Cho, P.S., Modelling dynamic IMRT dose distributions. Submitted to 43rd Annual Meeting of the American Association of Physicists in Medicine, Salt Lake City, Medical Physics 28:1293 (2001).